Beyond translating between the pack and the inverter, the controller drives three independent relay outputs: one for a generator, one for heating and one for cooling. They turn a passive storage system into one that reacts to its own state.
The controller starts and stops a generator based on state of charge, so an off-grid installation does not need a separate controller for it.
| Setting | Default | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Enable | off | Feature is opt-in |
| Start threshold | 20 % SoC | Relay closes at or below this, generator starts |
| Stop threshold | 50 % SoC | Relay opens at or above this, generator stops |
The gap between the two thresholds is the hysteresis: the generator cannot short-cycle around a single set point. If the thresholds are configured the wrong way round (start ≥ stop) the firmware ignores them and leaves the relay open rather than acting on an invalid configuration.
Where this is useful: off-grid sites and places without a dependable grid connection, where the generator is the backup source. The storage system decides when it is needed instead of someone watching a gauge.
The controller keeps the pack inside a safe temperature band by switching external heating or cooling. Both decisions are made per cell, not on a pack average:
| Setting | Default | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Enable | off | Feature is opt-in |
| Heating threshold | 5 °C | Heating starts when the coldest cell falls to this |
| Cooling threshold | 36 °C | Cooling starts when the hottest cell reaches this |
| Hysteresis | 5 °C | Margin before switching back off |
Worked example at the defaults: cooling starts once the hottest cell passes 36 °C and stops again when it falls to 31 °C.
Why this matters: lithium cells will not accept charge below a certain temperature and the BMS blocks charging outright — a pack that spent the night at −5 °C cannot absorb the morning's solar production. Thermal control runs independently of whether the system is currently charging or discharging, so the pack can be brought up to temperature before charging is attempted. In summer, limiting time spent at high temperature slows calendar ageing.
These outputs are signal level, not power. The controller closes a low-current relay output. The heater, the cooling system and the generator's starter each need their own relay or contactor rated for the load, selected by the installer. The controller supplies the switching signal only.
Single-battery configurations only. The three outputs are physically the second battery's contactor pins. In a dual-battery installation those pins drive the second pack's contactors, and the firmware refuses to claim them — generator and thermal control are unavailable in that configuration. This is enforced in code, not left to the installer.